IB Business Management HL Topic 8 — Pre-Released Statement 2025 Paper 1 Toolkit ~13 min read

Choosing the Right Toolkit Tool

Students lose marks not because they do not know the tools, but because they reach for the wrong one. Each model answers a different question. Match the tool to the command, use it to organise your argument, and half the work is done before you write a sentence.

📚 What you need to know

Matching the question to the tool

If the question sounds like this, use this tool Naming the right model is a knowledge mark in one sentence Where should Myt grow next? What outside forces affect Myt? Which products should it back? What is its current position? Which investment is worth more? Ansoff matrix STEEPLE analysis BCG matrix SWOT analysis Decision tree One tool used well beats three tools mentioned in passing. Name it, apply it, then say what it leaves out.
The questions on the left are the exam’s phrasing translated into plain English. Learn the pairings and you never freeze on which model to use.

The BCG matrix applied to Myt

BCG is the tool built for a company like Myt, because Myt has a portfolio. It compares each product’s market share against how fast that market is growing, and tells you where the cash comes from and where it should go.

The BCG matrix applied to Myt PLC Cash cows pay for question marks. That is the whole idea HIGH MARKET SHARE LOW MARKET SHARE HIGH GROWTH LOW GROWTH STARS keep investing • Honest Water bottled water • Market is growing steadily • Could become a cash cow QUESTION MARKS back it or drop it • Lotssa Coffee chain • Needs heavy investment • Healthy snacks would sit here CASH COWS milk them • The original root beer • Top-selling soft drinks • Fund everything else DOGS consider dropping • High-sugar, high-caffeine • drinks losing popularity • Myt may divest these The awkward truth: Myt’s cash cows are also its health problem. It has to milk them while quietly moving away from them.
This is the tension worth writing about. The products funding Myt’s healthier future are the ones causing its health criticism.

🤔 Why BCG fits Myt better than it fits most cases

BCG only works if a company has several products in markets growing at different rates. Myt has exactly that: a mature soft drinks core, a growing bottled water business, a coffee chain competing against very large rivals, and a possible move into snacks. Very few IB case studies give you such a clean portfolio, so if a question mentions Myt’s range of products, BCG is almost certainly the tool being invited.

Ansoff for Myt, in one paragraph each

BoxWhat Myt could doMain risk
Market penetrationPush harder with influencers, sharpen pricing, reformulate existing drinks to keep the same customers buying.Little room left in a mature soft drinks market, and health concerns work against it.
Product developmentLaunch low-sugar, caffeine-free or functional drinks such as prebiotic sodas to existing customers.Development and launch costs are high, and rivals are doing the same thing.
Market developmentTake Lotssa Coffee and Honest Water into new countries, or target older and health-conscious buyers with existing drinks.Different regulations, tastes and distribution networks in each country.
DiversificationEnter the healthy snacks market — food rather than drink, which is genuinely new territory.Highest risk. New competitors, new production skills, and no guarantee customers follow.
A neat exam move: use BCG to decide which products deserve money, then use Ansoff to decide where that money should be spent. The two tools work together, and saying so is analysis rather than description.

Worked examples

WORKED EXAMPLE

Explain one reason why Myt PLC’s original root beer could be classed as a cash cow. [2]

Step 1: define against the tool A cash cow has a high share of a market that is growing slowly, so it generates more cash than it needs to keep going. [1] Step 2: apply it Myt’s root beer is a long-established, top-selling product in the mature soft drinks market, so its profits can fund riskier moves such as the coffee chain and the healthy snacks plan. [1] 2 / 2 “Mature market” is the phrase that shows you understand why it is a cow and not a star.
WORKED EXAMPLE

Discuss the extent to which diversification into bottled water and coffee will help Myt PLC remain competitive. [10]

Define and frame Diversification means selling new products in new markets, the riskiest box in Ansoff. The question is whether these two 2023 acquisitions strengthen Myt’s position or stretch it. Argue for Both markets are growing while traditional fizzy drinks face health pressure and sugar taxes. Honest Water gives Myt a foothold in a rising market, and Lotssa Coffee’s 4,000 shops in 35 countries add scale and a direct route to customers. The portfolio is now far less dependent on sugary drinks. Argue against Both were bought in the same year, which is a lot of integration at once. Coffee retail is an operationally different business from bottling drinks, and Lotssa faces large established rivals. Bottled water also carries plastic and water-extraction criticism, which cuts against Myt’s sustainability plans. Judge On balance the acquisitions help, because the alternative was staying in a market that is shrinking in social approval. But the benefit depends on integration: if Myt cannot run coffee shops profitably, it has bought a distraction rather than a future. A BCG view suggests treating Honest Water as the star worth backing and reviewing Lotssa Coffee carefully before investing further. Both sides, applied throughout, decided, and conditional The final line uses a second tool to sharpen the judgement. That is what a level 4 conclusion looks like.

💡 Exam tip

⚠ Common mix-up

Up next: Background on the Industry — the size and shape of the soft drinks, bottled water and healthy snacks markets.

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