IB Business Management HLTopic 8 — Pre-Released Statement 2025Paper 1Toolkit~13 min read
Choosing the Right Toolkit Tool
Students lose marks not because they do not know the tools, but because they reach for the wrong one. Each model answers a different question. Match the tool to the command, use it to organise your argument, and half the work is done before you write a sentence.
📚 What you need to know
SWOT answers “what is Myt’s current position?”
STEEPLE answers “what outside forces are acting on it?”
Ansoff answers “where should it grow next?”
BCG matrix answers “which products deserve the investment?”
Decision trees answer “which option is worth more in money terms?”
Circular business models answer “how can it cut waste and use resources better?”
Matching the question to the tool
The questions on the left are the exam’s phrasing translated into plain English. Learn the pairings and you never freeze on which model to use.
The BCG matrix applied to Myt
BCG is the tool built for a company like Myt, because Myt has a portfolio. It compares each product’s market share against how fast that market is growing, and tells you where the cash comes from and where it should go.
This is the tension worth writing about. The products funding Myt’s healthier future are the ones causing its health criticism.
🤔 Why BCG fits Myt better than it fits most cases
BCG only works if a company has several products in markets growing at different rates. Myt has exactly that: a mature soft drinks core, a growing bottled water business, a coffee chain competing against very large rivals, and a possible move into snacks. Very few IB case studies give you such a clean portfolio, so if a question mentions Myt’s range of products, BCG is almost certainly the tool being invited.
Ansoff for Myt, in one paragraph each
Box
What Myt could do
Main risk
Market penetration
Push harder with influencers, sharpen pricing, reformulate existing drinks to keep the same customers buying.
Little room left in a mature soft drinks market, and health concerns work against it.
Product development
Launch low-sugar, caffeine-free or functional drinks such as prebiotic sodas to existing customers.
Development and launch costs are high, and rivals are doing the same thing.
Market development
Take Lotssa Coffee and Honest Water into new countries, or target older and health-conscious buyers with existing drinks.
Different regulations, tastes and distribution networks in each country.
Diversification
Enter the healthy snacks market — food rather than drink, which is genuinely new territory.
Highest risk. New competitors, new production skills, and no guarantee customers follow.
A neat exam move: use BCG to decide which products deserve money, then use Ansoff to decide where that money should be spent. The two tools work together, and saying so is analysis rather than description.
Worked examples
WORKED EXAMPLE
Explain one reason why Myt PLC’s original root beer could be classed as a cash cow. [2]
Step 1: define against the tool
A cash cow has a high share of a market that is growing slowly, so it generates more cash than it needs to keep going. [1]Step 2: apply it
Myt’s root beer is a long-established, top-selling product in the mature soft drinks market, so its profits can fund riskier moves such as the coffee chain and the healthy snacks plan. [1]2 / 2“Mature market” is the phrase that shows you understand why it is a cow and not a star.
WORKED EXAMPLE
Discuss the extent to which diversification into bottled water and coffee will help Myt PLC remain competitive. [10]
Define and frame
Diversification means selling new products in new markets, the riskiest box in Ansoff. The question is whether these two 2023 acquisitions strengthen Myt’s position or stretch it.
Argue for
Both markets are growing while traditional fizzy drinks face health pressure and sugar taxes. Honest Water gives Myt a foothold in a rising market, and Lotssa Coffee’s 4,000 shops in 35 countries add scale and a direct route to customers. The portfolio is now far less dependent on sugary drinks.
Argue againstBoth were bought in the same year, which is a lot of integration at once. Coffee retail is an operationally different business from bottling drinks, and Lotssa faces large established rivals. Bottled water also carries plastic and water-extraction criticism, which cuts against Myt’s sustainability plans.
Judge
On balance the acquisitions help, because the alternative was staying in a market that is shrinking in social approval. But the benefit depends on integration: if Myt cannot run coffee shops profitably, it has bought a distraction rather than a future. A BCG view suggests treating Honest Water as the star worth backing and reviewing Lotssa Coffee carefully before investing further.
Both sides, applied throughout, decided, and conditionalThe final line uses a second tool to sharpen the judgement. That is what a level 4 conclusion looks like.
💡 Exam tip
Name the tool in the first two lines of any analyse or discuss answer.
Place the products, do not just define the boxes. BCG marks come from placement plus reasoning.
Say why something is a star and not a cash cow. Market growth is the deciding factor.
Use two tools together when it genuinely helps — BCG for money, Ansoff for direction.
Mention what the tool ignores. BCG says nothing about brand loyalty or ethics.
Do not draw grids unless the question asks for one.
⚠ Common mix-up
BCG measures market growth, not sales growth. A product can grow while its market stalls.
Dogs are not always dropped. They may still generate cash or protect shelf space.
Question marks are not failures. They are undecided bets that need a decision.
Ansoff is not BCG. One is about where to grow; the other about which products to fund.
SWOT is not STEEPLE. SWOT covers internal and external; STEEPLE is external only.
A tool is not an answer. It organises the argument; the judgement is still yours.
Up next: Background on the Industry — the size and shape of the soft drinks, bottled water and healthy snacks markets.
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